Members of ethnic, religious or linguistic minorities and indigenous peoples are among the most marginalised communities in many societies: they are often excluded from participation in socio-economic life, rarely have access to political power and frequently encounter obstacles to manifesting their identity. These obstacles are multiplied during forced displacement and increase protection risks. It is important for UNHCR to ensure that the rights of refugees and other displaced populations who are members of minority and indigenous groups are met without discrimination. This places an onus on offices to develop a thorough understanding of the circumstances of minority and indigenous persons under their care. This note provides UNHCR staff and partners with guidance on a range of issues when working to meet these responsibilities.